Barriers of Russian-Chinese Trade: Assessment Problems

ERI FEB RAS	Issue's contents	RUS
	Regionalistica 2022 Volume 9 number 2 pages 81-94

Title of the article	Barriers of Russian-Chinese Trade: Assessment Problems
Pages	81-94
Author	Kireev Anton Aleksandrovich candidate of political sciences, associate professor Oriental Institute – School of Regional and International Studies, Far Eastern Federal University 8, Sukhanova Street, Vladivostok, Russia, 690950 This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ORCID: 0000-0003-0274-4030
Abstract	The article discusses the problems of evaluating trade barriers. Based on a wide definition of the concept of «trade barriers», taking into account the method of influence on external trade and degree of controllability, the author identified four types of them: direct conjunctural, direct structural, indirect conjunctural and indirect structural. The ranks of countries – the main trading partners of Russia in terms of the level of analyzed barriers regarding Russian exports for 2015–2019 and median ranks characterizing the levels of their complex barrier were determined. As a result of the conducted cross-national comparison, the PRC received the highest relative ranks in the level of barriers such as non-tariff, transport, institutional, social, and highest assessment of the level of complex barrier. The author concludes that indirect (social and demographic) barriers played the most important role in restraining the growth of Russian-Chinese trade in the study period.
Code	327
DOI	10.14530/reg.2022.2.81
Keywords	transborder trade ♦ trade barriers ♦ foreign trade policy ♦ Russia ♦ China
Download	2022-02.81.pdf
For citation	Kireev A.A. Barriers of Russian-Chinese Trade: Assessment Problems. Regionalistica [Regionalistics]. 2022. Vol. 9. No. 2. Pp. 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2022.2.81 (In Russian)
References	1. Wang Y. China’s Accession to the World Trade Organization: Conditions and Consequences. Analytical Reports of the Scientific and Coordination Council on International Research MGIMO (U) of the Russian Foreign Ministry. 2006. No. 1 (16). 44 p. Available at: http://mgimo.ru/files2/y01_2012/218647/ad-16.pdf (accessed 10 December 2021). (In Russian) 2. Izotov D.A. Assessing the Comparative Potential for Increasing Trade of the Far East Regions with the APR Countries. Izvestiya DVFU. Ekonomika i upravlenie = The Bulletin of the Far Eastern Federal University. Economics and Management. 2020. No. 3. Pp. 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/2311-2271/2020-3/5-20 (In Russian) 3. Kaukin A., Idrisov G. The Gravity Model of Russian Foreign Trade: Case of a Country with Large Area and Long Border. Ekonomicheskaya politika = Economic Policy. 2013. No. 4. Pp. 133–154. (In Russian) 4. Estimating the Economic Effects of Reducing Non-Tariff Barriers in the EEU. Saint Petersburg, 2015. 72 p. (In Russian) 5. Ryzhova N.P. Economic Integration of Border Regions. Ed. by P.A. Minakir. Khabarovsk, 2013. 352 p. (In Russian) 6. China’s Market: Access Issues. Analytical Report. Ed. by V.Yu. Salamatov, A.N. Spartak. Moscow, 2017. 168 p. (In Russian) 7. Shumilov A.V. Estimating Gravity Models of International Trade: A Survey of Methods. Ekonomicheskiy zhurnal VShE [HSE Economic Journal]. 2017. Vol. 21. No. 2. Pp. 224–250. (In Russian) 8. Anderson J.E., van Wincoop E. Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle. The American Economic Review. 2003. Vol. 93. No. 1. Pp. 171–192. 9. Chen B., Li Y. Analyzing Bilateral Trade Barriers Under Global Trade Context: A Gravity Model Adjusted Trade Intensity Index Approach. Review of Development Economics. 2014. Vol. 18. No. 2. Pp. 326–339. 10. Devadason E.Sh., Chenayah S. Proliferation of Non-Tariff Measures in China – Their Relevance for ASEAN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1950462 11. Kepaptsoglou K., Karlaftis M.G., Tsamboulas D. The Gravity Model Specification for Modeling International Trade Flows and Free Trade Agreement Effects: A 10-Year Review of Empirical Studies. The Open Economics Journal. 2010. Vol. 3. Pp. 1–13. 12. McCallum J. National Borders Matter: Canada – U.S. Regional Trade Patterns. The American Economic Review. 1995. Vol. 85. No. 3. Pp. 615–623. 13. Non-Tariff Barriers in Agriculture and Food Trade in APEC: Business Perspectives on Impacts and Solutions. Available at: https://www.ncapec.org/docs/ABAC%20Documents/2016%20ABAC%20USC%20Marshall%20School%20-%20Non-Tariff%20Barriers%20in%20Agriculture%20and%20Food%20Trade.pdf (accessed 10 December 2021). 14. Non-Tariff Measures: Evidence from Selected Developing Countries and Future Research Agenda. https:// doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1744076 15. Olivero M.P., Yotov Y.V. Dynamic Gravity: Endogenous Country Size and Asset Accumulation. Canadian Journal of Economics. 2012. Vol. 45. No. 1. Pp. 64–92. 16. Sanghi A., Burns A., Djiofack C., Prihardini D., Dissanayake J., Hollweg C. A Rebalancing China and Resurging India: How Will the Pendulum Swing for Russia? Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28422 (accessed 10 December 2021). 17. Tinbergen J. Shaping the World Economy; Suggestions for an International Economic Policy. New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1962. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/16826 (accessed 10 December 2021). 18. Yotov Y.V., Piermartini R., Monteiro J.-A., Larch M. An Advanced Guide to Trade Policy Analysis: The Structural Gravity Model. https://doi.org/10.30875/abc0167e-en
Financing	The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences as part of the scientific project No. 20-511-93005.
Date